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GS1 Symbology · Application Identifier Carrier

GS1-128 Barcode · Data Carrier with Application Identifiers

One barcode holds the batch number, date, quantity, and entity identity. GS1-128 uses Application Identifiers to write supply chain information into the symbol in a structured way, making it a common carrier for batch traceability and compliance declarations.

GS1-128 · AI(01) + GTIN-14Variable length
0116901234567899

The example number is generated in real time according to the standard (including mod10 check digit). The actual number is assigned by the coding association.

Management Organization and System Background

Who manages this coding system

GS1-128 is a carrier under the GS1 system that carriesApplication Identifier (AI)variable-length data carrier, whose symbol is based on Code 128. Unlike retail product codes that carry only one GTIN, it combines information such as "batch number, production date, shelf life, quantity, consignor and consignee" into the same barcode by AI.

Our role:Bangma International is the "most trustworthy member unit" of the Hong Kong, International, and China product coding associations, and asan association member organizationprovides agency application services for enterprises.We do not represent any official institution, and enterprises may also apply directly to member organizations.

Where it is read

Batch traceability

Batch number and date

Carry the batch number, production date, shelf life, and product code together

Logistics unit

SSCC carrier

SSCC (18-digit Serial Shipping Container Code) is printed with GS1-128 as its carrier

Compliance declaration

Food and pharmaceuticals

Scenarios where regulatory systems require structured batch information to accompany goods

Code structure and parameters

What GS1-128 carries is not a number with a fixed meaning, but structured information that appears in groups of "Application Identifier + corresponding data".

CompositionNumber of digitsMeaning
Start character + codewordVariable lengthUses the Code 128 symbology; in Subset C, every two digits are compressed into one codeword
Application Identifier (AI)2–4 digitsSpecifies "what the data that immediately follows is"; defined uniformly by GS1 with globally consistent meaning
Data contentDepends on the AIBatch number, date, quantity, consignor/consignee, etc., arranged according to the selected AI combination
Check character + stop characterFixedThe symbol check character is calculated according to Code 128 rules and ends with the stop character
Symbol

Based on Code 128

Uses the Code 128 symbology, variable length, with symbol width determined by data length.

Structure

AI + data appear as a group

Each AI specifies "what the following string of data is"; multiple AIs can be arranged consecutively.

Separation

Variable-length AIs require separation

When an AI specifies a maximum length, a separator marks the end to avoid parsing ambiguity.

Four types of application matters

A barcode is not something that is done once and then finished — when company information changes, when the right to use the codes needs to be maintained, or when the business is transferred, the corresponding procedures must be handled.

New application: obtain codes from scratch

STEP 01

Confirm requirements

The data categories to be carried (batch number / date / quantity / consignor/consignee, etc.) and the accepted format of the target channel

STEP 02

Prepare documents

Prepare according to the registration documents of the location of the applying entity; see the checklist on the right

STEP 03

Submission and review

Submit the application to the GS1 member organization and wait for the company prefix to be assigned

STEP 04

Assignment and use

After the AI combination scheme is determined, encode the structured data into the GS1-128 symbol

Commonly used document checklist

  • Full set of company registration documents (certificate of incorporation / business registration certificate, etc., depending on the local entity type)
  • Director's phone number and email
  • ID documents of directors and shareholders
  • Registration form (provided by our company; in some countries/regions it is actually not required)
The document checklist is subject to the current requirements of the member organization; during business coordination, each item will be checked one by one to avoid repeated supplementary submissions.

Change: when company information changes, it must be updated accordingly

The following situations require a change:

  • Change of enterprise name
  • Change of registered address
  • Change of legal representative / director
  • Change of contact information
Risks of not changing in time: the coding information is inconsistent with the registered information, which may be questioned during channel review or filing, affecting listing.

Key points for handling

Point 01

Handle with change certificate

A change certificate issued by the local registration authority must be provided

Point 02

The code itself remains unchanged

The company prefix remains unchanged; only the enterprise information in the system is updated

Point 03

Handling of packaging inventory

Already printed packaging can usually continue to be used, with no need to reprint the barcode graphic

Renewal: usage rights need to be maintained

Member organizations differ in how they maintain code usage rights (annual membership fee system or validity period renewal system), subject to the current policy of that member organization. If not maintained on time, the code may be suspended or reclaimed, and the normal circulation of goods in channels will be affected.

It is recommended to 3 monthsbefore expiration, initiate renewal to avoid interruption caused by material preparation or system processing time.

Reminder services we provide

  • Registration and reminders for barcode expiry dates
  • Renewal document verification and submission on your behalf
  • Confirmation of barcode status after renewal
  • Unified ledger management for barcodes across multiple markets

Customers who have already processed through Bangma International can register for expiry reminders free of charge.

Transfer: barcodes transfer together with the business

During mergers and acquisitions, brand transfers, or business restructuring, the company prefix can be transferred as an asset together with the business. The transfer requires a joint application by both parties and completion of changes to entity information and ownership.

After the transfer is completed, the original company may no longer continue to use that barcode segment; packaging already printed with that barcode requires a corresponding handling plan.

Applicable scenarios

  • Integration of brands and product lines after mergers and acquisitions
  • The brand owner transfers barcode assets to a contract manufacturer or licensee
  • Disposal of barcode assets before company deregistration
  • Change of entity for cross-border e-commerce

Fees and turnaround time

Fee composition

The total fee usually includes: the barcode service fee charged by the member organization (based on tier and number of years) + agency service fee. Factors affecting the fee:

  • Data categories to be carried and AI combination complexity
  • Whether assistance is needed to design the AI scheme and data format
  • The processing tier and term for the encoding segment itself
  • The workload of integrating with the existing product coding system
Fees to be confirmed by our business teamWe do not provide general quotations. After you submit your requirements, a coding consultant will give you a clear plan and a detailed fee breakdown based on your actual situation.

Timeline reference

New application

Subject to the member organization's processing progress

Once all documents are complete, the review and allocation process begins; timelines vary by country

Change / renewal

Usually faster than a new application

No new code allocation is involved, so the process is relatively simple

Transfer

Requires cooperation from both parties

Involves ownership confirmation; the timeline depends on how prepared both parties' materials are

The above is a description of the process sequence and does not fabricate specific numbers of days. The actual timeline is subject to the accepting organization's current announcements and processing progress, and we will keep you updated at every stage during the process.

GS1-128 Application Identifier barcode FAQ

Is GS1-128 a new barcode symbology?+
Itssymbol system comes from Code 128, GS1-128 is an application specification formed by overlaying GS1's Application Identifier rules on top of Code 128. Therefore it both follows Code 128's symbol and check rules and is constrained by GS1's AI system.
How many AIs can be placed in the same barcode?+
Multiple can be placed consecutively, combined as business needs require (for example product code + batch number + production date + quantity). Note that:fixed-length AIs can be concatenated directly, while variable-length AIs require a separator between them, otherwise ambiguity will arise when the system parses them. Specific combinations should be designed according to the message requirements of the target channel.
Can GS1-128 and product barcodes be used at the same time?+
Yes, and it is common: retail codes (EAN-13/UPC-A) are printed on individual product packaging for POS checkout, while GS1-128 is printed on the same packaging or outer carton to carry batch and date information for supply chain and compliance use. The two identify different objects and serve different purposes, and do not replace each other.
Who defines the Application Identifiers in GS1-128?+
AIs are uniformly formulated and maintained by the GS1 system, with globally consistent meanings (for example, data indicating categories such as product code, batch number, date, quantity, and consignor/consignee). Enterprises choose which AIs to use according to business needs, but cannot define new AIs themselves.

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